Pterygium and Pinguecula

What is pterygium and pinguecula?

Pterygium and pinguecula are growths on the conjunctiva of the eye – the thin, filmy mimbrane that covers the white part of the eye (sclera).

Both types of groths are believed to be caused by dry eye and enviromental elements such as wind, dust and ultraviolet light.

Pinguecula       

What is the difference between a pterygium and a pinguecula?

A pterygium is a growth of fleshy tissue on the conjunctiva that can extend over the cornea (the clear front window of the eye). This growth may remain small or grow large enough to interfere with vision.

A pinguecula is a yellowish patch or bump on the conjunctiva, most often on the side closest to the nose. It is a change in the normal tissue that results in a deposit of protein, fat or calcium. It is similar to a callus on the skin. Unlike a pterygium, a pinguecula does not actually grow onto the cornea. 

Symptoms of both pterygium and pinguecula can range from mild to severe and may include:

• Redness and / or inflammation – especially during the growth of a pterygium;

• blurred vision;

• irritation;

• dryness;

• itching;

• burning;

• gritty feeling;

• feeling of having a foreign material in your eye.

How are pterygium and pinguecula treated?

In many cases, no treatment is needed. When a pterygium or pinguecula becomes red and irritated, eye drops or ointments may be used to help reduce inflammation. If they grow large enough to threaten sight or cause a persistent discomfort, they can remove surgically. They are also sometimes removed for cosmetic reasons.

Despite proper surgical removal, pterygium or pinguecula may return. Surface radiation or medications are sometimes used to help prevent recurrences. However, the best way you avoid recurrences is to limit exposure to environmental factor that contributes to their growth. This includes:

• • adequately protecting your eye from excessive UV light with proper sunglasses;
  • protecting your eyes in dry, dust conditions with proper eye wear;
  • applying artificial tears to your eye in dry conditions.